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习近平在联合国教科文组织总部的演讲(双语)[2]

2023-10-05 08:12:06 来源:演讲稿网作者:爱岗敬业演讲稿 点击:727次

 

历史告诉我们,只有交流互鉴,一种文明才能充满生命力。只要秉持包容精神,就不存在什么“文明冲突”,就可以实现文明和谐。这就是中国人常说的:“萝卜青菜,各有所爱。”

Historyalsotellsusthatonlybyinteractingwithandlearningfromotherscanacivilizationenjoyfullvitality.Ifallcivilizationscanupholdinclusiveness,theso-called"clashofcivilizations"willbeoutofthequestionandtheharmonyofcivilizationswillbecomereality.ThisislikewhatweChineseoftensay,"radishorcabbage,eachtohisowndelight."

中华文明经历了5000多年的历史变迁,但始终一脉相承,积淀着中华民族最深层的精神追求,代表着中华民族独特的精神标识,为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大提供了丰厚滋养。中华文明是在中国大地上产生的文明,也是同其他文明不断交流互鉴而形成的文明。

Havinggonethroughover5,000yearsofvicissitudes,theChinesecivilizationhasalwayskepttoitsoriginalroot.UniqueinrepresentingChinaspiritually,itcontainssomemostprofoundpursuitsoftheChinesenationandprovidesitwithabundantnourishmentforexistenceanddevelopment.ThoughbornonthesoilofChina,ithascometoitspresentformthroughconstantexchangesandmutuallearningwithothercivilizations.

公元前100多年,中国就开始开辟通往西域的丝绸之路。汉代张骞于公元前138年和119年两次出使西域,向西域传播了中华文化,也引进了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。西汉时期,中国的船队就到达了印度和斯里兰卡,用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。中国唐代是中国历史上对外交流的活跃期。据史料记载,唐代中国通使交好的国家多达70多个,那时候的首都长安里来自各国的使臣、商人、留学生云集成群。这个大交流促进了中华文化远播世界,也促进了各国文化和物产传入中国。15世纪初,中国明代著名航海家郑和七次远洋航海,到了东南亚很多国家,一直抵达非洲东海岸的肯尼亚,留下了中国同沿途各国人民友好交往的佳话。明末清初,中国人积极学习现代科技知识,欧洲的天文学、医学、数学、几何学、地理学知识纷纷传入中国,开阔中国人的知识视野。之后,中外文明交流互鉴更是频繁展开,这其中有冲突、矛盾、疑惑、拒绝,但更多是学习、消化、融合、创新。

Inthe2ndcenturyB.C.,ChinabeganworkingontheSilkRoadleadingtotheWesternRegions.In138B.C.and119B.C.,EnvoyZhangQianoftheHanDynastymadetwotripstothoseregions,spreadingtheChineseculturethereandbringingintoChinagrape,alfalfa,pomegranate,flax,sesameandotherproducts.IntheWesternHanDynasty,China'smerchantfleetssailedasfarasIndiaandSriLankawheretheytradedChina'ssilkforcoloredglaze,pearlsandotherproducts.TheTangDynastysawdynamicinteractionsbetweenChinaandothercountries.Accordingtohistoricaldocuments,thedynastyexchangedenvoyswithover70countries,andChang'an,thecapitalofTang,bustledwithenvoys,merchantsandstudentsfromothercountries.ExchangesofsuchamagnitudehelpedthespreadoftheChineseculturetotherestoftheworldandtheintroductionintoChinaoftheculturesandproductsfromothercountries.Intheearly15thcentury,ZhengHe,thefamousnavigatorofChina'sMingDynasty,madesevenexpeditionstotheWesternSeas,reachingmanySoutheastAsiancountriesandevenKenyaontheeastcoastofAfrica.ThesetripsleftbehindmanystoriesoffriendlyexchangesbetweenthepeopleofChinaandcountriesalongtheroute.InlateMingDynastyandearlyQingDynasty,theChinesepeoplebegantolearnmodernscienceandtechnologywithgreatzeal,astheEuropeanknowledgeofastronomy,medicine,mathematics,geometryandgeographywerebeingintroducedintoChina,whichhelpedbroadenthehorizonoftheChinesepeople.Thereafter,exchangesandmutuallearningbetweentheChinesecivilizationandothercivilizationsbecamemorefrequent.Therewereindeedconflicts,frictions,bewildermentanddenialinthisprocess.Butthemoredominantfeaturesoftheperiodwerelearning,digestion,integrationandinnovation.

佛教产生于古代印度,但传入中国后,经过长期演化,佛教同中国儒家文化和道家文化融合发展,最终形成了具有中国特色的佛教文化,给中国人的宗教信仰、哲学观念、文学艺术、礼仪习俗等留下了深刻影响。中国唐代玄奘西行取经,历尽磨难,体现的是中国人学习域外文化的坚韧精神。根据他的故事演绎的神话小说《西游记》,我想大家都知道。中国人根据中华文化发展了佛教思想,形成了独特的佛教理论,而且使佛教从中国传播到了日本、韩国、东南亚等地。

BuddhismoriginatedinancientIndia.AfteritwasintroducedintoChina,thereligionwentthroughanextendedperiodofintegrateddevelopmentwiththeindigenousConfucianismandTaoismandfinallybecametheBuddhismwithChinesecharacteristics,thusmakingadeepimpactonthereligiousbelief,philosophy,literature,art,etiquetteandcustomsoftheChinesepeople.Xuanzang(HiuenTsang),theTangmonkwhoendureduntoldsufferingsashewentonapilgrimagetothewestforBuddhistscriptures,gavefullexpressiontothedeterminationandfortitudeoftheChinesepeopletolearnfromothercultures.IamsurethatyouhaveallheardabouttheChineseclassicsJourneytotheWest,whichwaswrittenonthebasisofhisstories.TheChinesepeoplehaveenrichedBuddhismanddevelopedsomespecialBuddhistthoughtsinthelightofChineseculture,andhelpedittospreadfromChinatoJapan,Korea,SoutheastAsiaandbeyond.

2000多年来,佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教等先后传入中国,中国音乐、绘画、文学等也不断吸纳外来文明的优长。中国传统画法同西方油画融合创新,形成了独具魅力的中国写意油画,徐悲鸿等大师的作品受到广泛赞赏。中国的造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针四大发明带动了世界变革,推动了欧洲文艺复兴。中国哲学、文学、医药、丝绸、瓷器、茶叶等传入西方,渗入西方民众日常生活之中。《马可·波罗游记》令无数人对中国心向往之。

Inthecourseofsometwothousandyearsandmore,Buddhism,IslamandChristianityhavebeenintroducedintoChinasuccessively,whichallowedthecountry'smusic,paintingandliteraturetobenefitfromtheadvantagesofothercivilizations.China'sfreehandoilpaintingisaninnovativecombinationofChina'straditionalpaintingandtheWesternoilpainting,andtheworksofXuBeihongandothermastershavebeenwidelyacclaimed.China'sFourGreatInventions,namely,papermaking,gunpowder,movable-typeprintingandcompass,ledtochangesintheworld,includingtheEuropeanRenaissance.China'sphilosophy,literature,medicine,silk,porcelainandteareachedtheWestandbecamepartofpeople'sdailylife.TheTravelsofMarcoPologeneratedawidespreadinterestinChina.

大家都知道,中国有秦俑,人们称之为“地下的军团”。法国总统希拉克参观之后说:“不看金字塔,不算真正到过埃及。不看秦俑,不算真正到过中国。”1987年,这一尘封了2000多年的中华文化珍品被列入世界文化遗产。中国还有大量文明成果被教科文组织列入世界文化遗产、世界非物质文化遗产、世界记忆遗产名录。这里,我要对教科文组织为保存和传播中华文明作出的贡献,表示衷心的感谢!

Manypeopleknowabouttheterracottawarriors,"theburiedlegionsofEmperorQin".Afterhisvisittothesite,PresidentChiracofFrancesaidthatavisittoEgyptwillnotbecompletewithoutseeingthepyramids,andthatavisittoChinawillnotbecompletewithoutseeingtheterracottawarriors.In1987,thisnationaltreasureofChina,shroudedinsecrecyforovertwothousandyears,wasputontheUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritagelist.TherearemanymoreproudChineseachievementsthathavebeenincludedintheWorldCulturalHeritagelist,theWorldIntangibleCulturalHeritagelistandtheMemoryoftheWorldlist.Here,IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoUNESCOforitscontributiontothepreservationanddisseminationoftheChinesecivilization.

女士们、先生们、朋友们!

LadiesandGentlemen,Friends,

当今世界,人类生活在不同文化、种族、肤色、宗教和不同社会制度所组成的世界里,各国人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体。

Today,weliveinaworldwithdifferentcultures,ethnicgroups,skincolors,religionsandsocialsystems,andthepeopleofvariouscountrieshavebecomemembersofanintimatecommunityofshareddestiny.

中国人早就懂得了“和而不同”的道理。生活在2500年前的中国史学家左丘明在《左传》中记录了齐国上大夫晏子关于“和”的一段话:“和如羹焉,水、火、醯、醢、盐、梅,以烹鱼肉。”“声亦如味,一气,二体,三类,四物,五声,六律,七音,八风,九歌,以相成也。”“若以水济水,谁能食之?若琴瑟之专壹,谁能听之?”

TheChinesehavelongcometoappreciatethewisdomof"harmonywithoutuniformity".ZuoQiuming,aChinesehistorianwholived2,500yearsago,recordedintheChronicleofZuothefollowingcommentsbyYanYing,PrimeMinisteroftheStateofQiduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod:"Harmonyislikecookingthethicksoup.Youneedwater,fire,vinegar,meatsauce,saltandplumtogowiththefishormeat.""Itisthesamewhenitcomestomusic.Onlybycombiningthetexture,length,pace,mood,tone,pitchandstylerightlyandexecutingthemproperlycanyouproduceanexcellentmelody.""Whocaneatthesoupwithnothingbutwaterinit?Whatearcantoleratethesametoneplayedrepeatedlyononeinstrument?"

世界上有200多个国家和地区,2500多个民族和多种宗教。如果只有一种生活方式,只有一种语言,只有一种音乐,只有一种服饰,那是不可想象的。

Thereare200-oddcountriesandregions,over2,500ethnicgroupsandamultitudeofreligionsintheworldtoday.Wecanhardlyimagineifthisworldhasonlyonelifestyle,onelanguage,onekindofmusicandonestyleofcostume.

雨果说,世界上最宽阔的是海洋,比海洋更宽阔的是天空,比天空更宽阔的是人的胸怀。对待不同文明,我们需要比天空更宽阔的胸怀。文明如水,润物无声。我们应该推动不同文明相互尊重、和谐共处,让文明交流互鉴成为增进各国人民友谊的桥梁、推动人类社会进步的动力、维护世界和平的纽带。我们应该从不同文明中寻求智慧、汲取营养,为人们提供精神支撑和心灵慰藉,携手解决人类共同面临的各种挑战。

VictorHugooncesaid,"Thereisaprospectgreaterthanthesea,anditisthesky;thereisaprospectgreaterthanthesky,anditisthehumansoul."Indeed,weneedamindthatisbroaderthantheskyasweapproachdifferentcivilizations.Civilizationsarelikewater,moisteningeverythingsilently.Weshouldencouragedifferentcivilizationstorespecteachotherandliveinharmony,sothatexchangesandmutuallearningbetweencivilizationswillbecomeabridgepromotingfriendshipbetweenpeoplearoundtheworld,anenginedrivingprogressofhumansociety,andabondcementingworldpeace.Weshoulddrawwisdomandnourishmentandseekspiritualsupportandpsychologicalconsolationfromvariouscivilizations,andworktogethertotacklethechallengesfacingmankind.

1987年,在中国陕西的法门寺,地宫中出土了20件美轮美奂的琉璃器,这是唐代传入中国的东罗马和伊斯兰的琉璃器。我在欣赏这些域外文物时,一直在思考一个问题,就是对待不同文明,不能只满足于欣赏它们产生的精美物件,更应该去领略其中包含的人文精神;不能只满足于领略它们对以往人们生活的艺术表现,更应该让其中蕴藏的精神鲜活起来。

In1987,20exquisitepiecesofcoloredglazewereexcavatedattheundergroundchamberofFamenTempleinShaanxi,China.TheseEastRomanandIslamicrelicswerebroughtintoChinaduringtheTangDynasty.Marvelingattheseexoticrelics,Ithoughthardandconcludedthatasweapproachtheworld'sdifferentcivilizations,weshouldnotlimitourselvestojustadmiringtheexquisitenessoftheobjectsinvolved.Rather,weshouldtrytolearnandappreciatetheculturalsignificancebehindthem.Insteadofonlysatisfyingourselveswiththeirartisticpresentationofpeople'slifeinthepast,weshoulddoourbesttobreathenewlifeintotheirinherentspirit.

女士们、先生们、朋友们!

LadiesandGentlemen,Friends,

拿破仑曾经说过,世上有两种力量:利剑和思想;从长而论,利剑总是败在思想手下。我们要积极发展教育事业,通过普及教育,启迪心智,传承知识,陶冶情操,使人们在持续的格物致知中更好认识各种文明的价值,让教育为文明传承和创造服务。我们要大力发展科技事业,通过科技进步和创新,认识自我,认识世界,改造社会,使人们在持续的天工开物中更好掌握科技知识和技能,让科技为人类造福。我们要大力推动文化事业发展,通过文化交流,沟通心灵,开阔眼界,增进共识,让人们在持续的以文化人中提升素养,让文化为人类进步助力。

NapoleonBonaparteoncesaid,"Thereareonlytwoforcesintheworld,theswordandthespirit.Inthelongruntheswordwillalwaysbeconqueredbythespirit."Weshoulddevelopeducationmoreactively.Educationcanopenpeople'smind,impartknowledge,andcultivatetemperament.Thecontinuedprocessoflearningwillenableourpeopletobetterappreciatethevalueofdifferentcivilizations.Inthissense,educationisaneffectivevehicleforthecontinuationandcreationofcivilizations.Weshoulddevelopscienceandtechnologymorevigorously.Scientificadvancementandinnovationcanhelppeopleunderstandthemselvesandtheworldandbeinastrongerpositiontochangetheirsocietyforthebetter.Thecontinuedprocessofexploitingnaturewillenableourpeopletomasterstillmoreknowledgeandskills.Inthissense,scienceandtechnologyareapowerfultooltomaketheworldabetterplaceformankind.Weshouldpromoteculturalundertakingsmoreenergetically.Culturalexchangescanhelpopenourheartstoeachother,broadenourhorizonandbuildgreaterconsensusamongus.Thecontinuedprocessofcultivatingpeoplemorallyandintellectuallywillresultinahigherstandardofhumanity.Inthissense,cultureisabigboosterforhumanprogress.

女士们、先生们、朋友们!

LadiesandGentlemen,Friends,

中国人民正在为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而奋斗。实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,就是要实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福,既深深体现了今天中国人的理想,也深深反映了中国人自古以来不懈追求进步的光荣传统。

TheChinesepeoplearestrivingtofulfilltheChinesedreamofthegreatrenewaloftheChinesenation.TheChinesedreamofthegreatrenewaloftheChinesenationisaboutprosperityofthecountry,rejuvenationofthenation,andhappinessofthepeople.ItreflectstheidealoftheChinesepeopleoftodayaswellasthefinetraditionofrelentlesslyseekingprogressthatwehavehadsinceancienttimes.

实现中国梦,是物质文明和精神文明均衡发展、相互促进的结果。没有文明的继承和发展,没有文化的弘扬和繁荣,就没有中国梦的实现。中华民族的先人们早就向往人们的物质生活充实无忧、道德境界充分升华的大同世界。中华文明历来把人的精神生活纳入人生和社会理想之中。所以,实现中国梦,是物质文明和精神文明比翼双飞的发展过程。随着中国经济社会不断发展,中华文明也必将顺应时代发展焕发出更加蓬勃的生命力。

TheChinesedreamrequiresbalanceddevelopmentandmutualreinforcementofmaterialandculturalprogress.Withoutthecontinuationanddevelopmentofcivilizationorthepromotionandprosperityofculture,theChinesedreamwillnotcometrue.ForefathersoftheChinesenationlongyearnedforaworldofgreatharmonyinwhichpeoplearefreefromwantandfollowahighmoralstandard.IntheChinesecivilization,people'sculturalpursuithasalwaysbeenpartoftheirlifeandsocialideals.SotherealizationoftheChinesedreamisaprocessofbothmaterialandculturaldevelopment.AsChinacontinuestomakeeconomicandsocialprogress,theChinesecivilizationwillkeeppacewiththetimesandacquiregreatervitality.

每一种文明都延续着一个国家和民族的精神血脉,既需要薪火相传、代代守护,更需要与时俱进、勇于创新。中国人民在实现中国梦的进程中,将按照时代的新进步,推动中华文明创造性转化和创新性发展,激活其生命力,把跨越时空、超越国度、富有永恒魅力、具有当代价值的文化精神弘扬起来,让收藏在博物馆里的文物、陈列在广阔大地上的遗产、书写在古籍里的文字都活起来,让中华文明同世界各国人民创造的丰富多彩的文明一道,为人类提供正确的精神指引和强大的精神动力。

Acivilizationcarriesonitsbackthesoulofacountryornation.Itneedstobepassedonfromonegenerationtothenext.Yetmoreimportantly,itneedstokeeppacewiththetimesandinnovatewithcourage.AswepursuetheChinesedream,theChinesepeoplewillencouragecreativeshiftsandinnovativedevelopmentoftheChinesecivilizationinkeepingwiththeprogressofthetimes.WeneedtoinjectnewvitalityintotheChinesecivilizationbyenergizingallculturalelementsthattranscendtime,spaceandnationalbordersandthatpossessbothperpetualappealandcurrentvalue,andweneedtobringallcollectionsinourmuseums,allheritagestructuresacrossourlandsandallrecordsinourclassicstolife.Inthisway,theChinesecivilization,togetherwiththerichandcolorfulcivilizationscreatedbythepeopleofothercountries,willprovidemankindwiththerightculturalguidanceandstrongmotivation.

女士们、先生们、朋友们!

LadiesandGentlemen,Friends,

“等闲识得东风面,万紫千红总是春。”明年是教科文组织成立70周年,我相信,在博科娃总干事领导下,教科文组织一定能为推动人类文明交流互鉴、促进世界和平谱写新的篇章。

谢谢大家。

AsanoldChinesepoemgoes,"WhenIglanceatthevisageofvernalbreeze,Iknowthatathousandflowersofpurpleandredsetspringaglow."UNESCOwillmarkits70thanniversarynextyear.IamconfidentthatunderthestewardshipofDirector-GeneralBokova,theorganizationwillmakestillmoreachievementsinitseffortstopromoteexchangesandmutuallearningamongcivilizationsandadvancethecauseofpeaceintheworld.

Thankyou.

 

(中国日报网英语点津Helen编辑)

 

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